Pridnestrovie
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR) is a country in Southeastern Europe. To the west it borders with the Republic of Moldova, in the east – with Ukraine
Total area – 4163 km2.
Capital – Tiraspol (135,7 thousands people).
Largest cities – Bendery, Rybnitsa, Dubossary
Administrative territorial division: republic is divided into 5 regions and 8 cities. Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR) is a unitary state.
Population (Jan, 2014): 505,2 thousands people
Official languages: Moldavian, Russian, Ukrainian
Religion: Christianity (The Russian Orthodox Church)
Currency: pridnestrovian ruble
Specific feature of the PMR land relief are low lands. Over 80% are black soil. Steppe vegetation is common. Most of the lands is agricultural. Woodlands cover about 10% of the PMR. The climate is moderately continental. Winter is short, mild (average temperature in January is -3.9 °C). Spring is early with intensive warming of soil and air. Summer is long and hot (average temperature in July is +21 °C). Fall is warm and long.
The land relief is divided into two parts by the Yagorlyk river. North part of the republic – wooded steppe with deep (up to 150 m) canyon-like valleys of the Dniester tributaries. There are woods on the bank of Dniester, several small rivers, most of which are low rivers.
Mineral resources: limestone, gravel, glassmaking sand, ceramic clay, loam. Fauna is very rich but some species are in Endangered Species List. There are roes, wild boars, rabbits, partridges, pheasants, foxes, otters, stoats. There are rich fishery resources including sturgeons.
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic is a sovereign, independent, democratic, constitutional and secular state. Form of government – presidential republic. It was proclaimed on 2 September, 1990 at the Second Congress of Peoples’ Deputies. This day is a state holiday – The Republic Day. PMR has all the attributes of sovereign state: freely elected single-chamber Supreme Council, executive branch, represented by the President and Cabinet of Ministers, judicial, law enforcement, defense systems, budget with independent financial sources, state symbols.
President is elected for a period of 5 years, he is head of the state and of executive branch. President forms Cabinet of Ministers, coordinates work of all government authorities, represents republic at international level. President is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
Pridnestrovie is industrial and agrarian state.
Leaders of economy are engineering industry, metal-working manufacturing, food and light industries, iron industry, electric power industry, building materials production, agricultural sector.
Need of fuel and energy resources are covered by means of import.
More than 90% of manufactured goods are exported. There is a network of professional educational institutions which provides the economy with qualified personnel. The network includes 4 higher educational institutes, 3 branches of Russian institutes, 2 branches of Ukrainian institutes, 15 secondary and 6 primary educational institutes.
Pridnestrovian state university named after Taras Shevchenko is the leading educational institute.
State news agency – “Novosti Pridnestrovia”
State periodical publications: newspapers “Pridnestrovie” (in Russian), “Gomin” (in Ukrainian), “Adeverul Nistryan” (in Moldavian), magazines “Economy of Pridnestrovie”, “Economy and legal information newsletter”
Creation of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic became the result of processes, which began after the break-up of the Soviet Union. It was an important decision which demonstrated public will expressed at nationwide referendum. This let to protect legitimate interests of people, to save historical and cultural traditions, to provide an opportunity of equal development of all nations living here.
The main feature of geopolitical aspect of Pridnestrovie at a microlevel is neighborhood of two states – Republic of Moldova and Ukraine; at a macrolevel – it is characterized by presence of multitude of neighbouring states – CIS countries and East Europe.
Pridnestrovie aims for economical and political cooperation with Black Sea region countries as part of the agreement of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic established and maintains friendly relations with states which are on the way of international recognition. Among them are Republic of South Ossetia, Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Republic of Abkhazia.